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نخستین کنفرانس بین المللی و دهمین کنگره ملی علوم باغبانی ایران
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| عنوان فارسی |
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| چکیده فارسی مقاله |
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| کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله |
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| عنوان انگلیسی |
Integration of Cover Crop Management and Herbicide Rate on Weeds and Yield in Tomato in a Mediterranean Environment |
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| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
A 2-year field experiments were carried out in North of Iran with the aim of assessing the effect of grass and legume cover crop residues managed under different soil tillage and herbicide rates on weed control, weed community, and on yield of tomato crop. The treatments consisted in: (a) two winter cover crops: annual alfalfa and barley and no covered soil; (b) two tillage system: no-tillage, and conventional tillage; (c) three pre-emergence herbicide rates: no-herbicide application, half rate recommended, and full rate recommended. Cover crops were sown in early September and mechanically suppressed in March about two weeks before tomato transplanting. At cover crop suppression, alfalfa showed the highest aboveground biomass (569 g m−2 of dry matter), while barley showed the lowest weed content (32 g m-2 of dry matter). At tomato harvesting, weed density and aboveground biomass ranged from 13.8 to 62.3 plants m-2 and 61 and 1257 g m-2 of dry matter, respectively. At tomato harvesting, the tomato yield was higher in alfalfa than barley and no cover regardless of tillage management (on average 62.3, 51.8 and 50.1 t ha−1 of fresh matter, respectively) probably due to an abundant availability of soil nitrate throughout the tomato growing season. This was confirmed by high and constant values of chlorophyll leaf content of tomato plants grown in alfalfa. Cover crop residues placed in surface suppressed weeds more effectively than incorporated residues. Reducing the pre-emergence herbicide rate by half did not affect weed control or tomato fruit yield compared with the full rate. Therefore combining legume cover crops and conservation tillage, it is possible to maintain tomato yield while reducing both herbicide inputs (by 50%). |
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| کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله |
Annual alfalfa, Barley, Integrated weed management, Mulch, tillage |
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| نویسندگان مقاله |
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| نشانی اینترنتی |
http://www.irhc2017.org |
| فایل مقاله |
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| زبان مقاله منتشر شده |
fa |
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