| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
On the basis of “the national plan for developing functional zones” and “the soil and water conservation program (2015-2030)” and based on the national strategy and local needs, China has put forward new requirements for soil and water conservation work, requiring that control measures of soil and water conservation should serve the overall goal of the national soil andwater conservation plan. Comprehensive management of small watersheds is the most effective means to control soil erosion in China. In consideration of different types of areas, studies shoulddetermine the feasibility of soil and water conservation function of control measures, and whether the effect of control measures complies with the requirements of the overall national goals. In this study, a typical small watershed in karst rocky desertification in Guizhou province was selected as the research object, and the dominant soil and water conservation function of watershedmanagement was quantitatively evaluated by constructing a distributed hydrological model. The results show the following: (1) Under plan A of soil and water conservation measures, the total amount of evaporation in the basin increased by 1.55% from 2015 to 2017, the runoff in the basindecreased significantly compared with that before the implementation of the measures, water storage in the basin increased, and the improvement rate after the implementation of measures reached 17.84%. (2) After the implementation of plan A of soil and water conservation measure, compared with that before implementation, the evaporation capacity of the watershed in the wet year increased by about 1.00%, runoff the reduced by about 10.00%, and the total amount of soil water storage increased by about 5%. Compared with pre-implementation measures, evaporationin the dry year increased by 1.78%, runoff decreased by 16.81%, and water storage increased by12.70%. In the normal year, the evaporation and water storage in the watershed increased by 1.28% and 5.73%, respectively, whereas runoff decreased by 7.10%, soil water consumption andwater storage of the watershed increased, and reducing flow exhibited a significant effect. |
