3rd International Youth Forum on Soil and Water Conservation

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عنوان انگلیسی Temporal Distribution of Wind Erosion in Different Months of Year in Tal Hamid Railway Station of Tabas, Iran
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Wind erosion is a serious problem in many parts of the world. It has been reported that 19.6 million ha (11.95 %) of the land surface are exposed to wind erosion, in Iran. Some parts of the Iranian railway lines were located in windy erosion deserts. In Tabas southern (Tal Hamid railway station-Iran), Surface soil particles are easily transported by wind blowing, due to the lack of moisture and poor vegetation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the amount of windy deposition in different months of year in Tal Hamid rail way station of Tabas (Iran). For this purpose, sediment traps with diameter of 0.5 m were located in three different heights of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 m above the earth surface. The amount of sediments collected from June to January. The highest amount of sediments (5400 g.m2) was found in June and the lowest content (3.43 g.m2) was related to January. By comparison the sediments among the months of the spring season, it was found that there was no significant difference in this season. Also, the amounts of sediments of the spring was higher than the winter. Since dust storms are occurred in the spring season, especially in April and May, therefore, the amount of sediments was higher and largest different of sediment was found between January and June. It seems that the highest amount of sediments in the spring is due to the presence of erosional winds and rainfall shortages. According to meteorological data, the average rainfall for the months of January and March is 7.7 and 6.5 mm, respectively, and the average relative humidity is 46 and 35 percent, respectively for these two months, which these values are more than other months of year. As well as in April, May and June, rainfall and humidity are minimum, and sever winds occur in the spring. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a strong correlation between the wind speed and the amount of windy sediments, so that with increasing wind velocity, sediment rates increase and with decreasing wind speed, the amount of sediment decreases. Also, rainfall and soil moisture are the important factors in wind erosion, and with decreasing rainfall and consequently soil moisture in June, the amount of sediments has been increased. In addition, there is a strong relationship between evaporation and windy sediments, and as evaporation increases, the amount of sediments increases. Besides, the wind will increase the evaporation and reduces soil moisture which it is more important in arid areas and can increase wind erosion. According to the results, the conservation practices is needed to reduce wind erosion in studied area during the spring and summer.
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نویسندگان مقاله emami|memarzadeh

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