| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
With the implementation of the land reform law in rural areas of Iran since 1940, the decrease of rural population and mass migration of villagers to metropolitan areas increased. But since 2002, in the form of second rural homes, albeit limited, we have witnessed a reversal of the migration trend temporarily and seasonally. This is the time when rural studies in Iran changed from a disciplinary to an interdisciplinary field. These conditions require the cooperation and higher participation of experts in geography, economics, tourism, anthropology, sociology, environment and natural resources to prevent further degradation of water and soil resources and for the purposes of sustainable development. Today, the inhabitants of big cities (immigrants of previous decades) are involved in problems such as population density, rising cost of living, various pollutions, diminishing values and traditions, and all kinds of social and cultural harms. In the meantime, some people with the support and financial and banking facilities of the government (for the reconstruction and improvement of rural houses) began to build second homes in rural areas that have many social, cultural and environmental effects on rural communities and resources. This trend has grown during the covid 19 pandemic due to people's concern for their families' health, urban living constraints, the possibility of controlling economic, educational and research activities remotely and virtually in the villages. Our initial assumption in this study was that according to the biological experience and studies of the last two decades in the central villages of Iran, the use of second homes has increased during the covid 19 outbreak, which leads to more protection and in general a new possibility in protecting water and soil resources. Findings obtained from the study of villages in the central regions of Iran indicate that the owners of second rural homes due to different lifestyles, higher literacy, and status and identity identification conserve more the biological resources of the villages. On the other hand, by encouraging collaborative actions and less harmful methods to nature, such as ecotourism, they have prevented the degradation and change of land use. Also during the outbreak of the corona virus, the villagers' understanding of the importance of landscape protecting has significantly increased. |
