| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
To summarize the experiences of soil and water conservation on Loess Plateau, China in the past 70 years (1949-2019), and to provide reference for the ecological environment protection and high-quality development in this region. Based on long-term and extensive field investigation experiences and scientific research achievements , a large number of documents and literature related to soil and water conservation work on the Loess Plateau were analyzed. In term of the main objectives and measures of soil and water conservation, the history of soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in the past 70 was divided into three stages: No.1 is the stage of response to urgent (1949-1980), No.2 is the stage of comprehensive control (1980-2000), and No.3 is the stage of ecological restoration (after 2000). It is suggested that water and soil conservation in the new period should pay attention to the following aspects.(1) Scientific and rational understanding of the overall reality of soil and water loss conservation status in the Loess Plateau;2) Raising the socio-economic and production level of the areas and improving people's living conditions.(3) assessing the environmental impacts of large-scale projects for soil and water conservation.(4) having more scientific research projects focused on the new problems and challenges under higher-level control conditions. After soil and water conservation of 70 year, remarkable achievements on the loess plateau has been achieved, including vegetation restoration and reconstruction, soil and water conservation infrastructure construction, slope soil erosion control, and sediment reduction in yellow river. But it is very important to realize clearly that Loess Plateau still faces many severe challenges caused by natural conditions and human activities. Many connatural factors causing soil and water loss still exist，as well as many new factors may arise. Therefore the task of soil erosion prevention and control is still arduous. It is necessary to improve the speed and quality of soil erosion control and social/economic development on Loess Plateau for making great contribute to the national strategic goals of Yellow River basin ecological protection and high-quality development. |
