| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Brown forest soils (Cambisols, WRB) have been of great interest to researchers for many years, causing a lot of controversy about their distribution and origin. Scientists have come to the conclusion that brown forest soils are formed where mixed and coniferous forests grow in a temperate and humid climate on a variety of soil-forming rocks. The provincial features of any mountainous country are reflected in the morphological, genetic and analytical diagnostics of soils. Soil acidity indicators are the main parameters that determine the direction and dynamics of soil processes. Currently, a new methodological basis for the interpretation of these acid‒base properties is the use of an acid footprint. Soil studies were carried out in the Middle Urals in the Basegi State Reserve. Burozems (Cambisols, WRB) are conventionally divided into 3 groups in height: 800-700 m (meadows of herbs and grasses), 700-600 m (tall-grass meadows), 600-500 m (park forest). The acid‒base properties of burozems of the subalpine belt were assessed by the acid trace. Analysis of the acid footprint made it possible to reveal the altitudinal features of the formation of burozems in the Middle Urals, which is reflected in the displacement of horizonograms from the upper left part of the acidity field (in the upper steep part of the slope in the subalpine belt) to the lower right part (in the gentle and saddle part of the slope). More sinuous lines of the horizonograms indicate a complex profile with horizons of different ages, that is, soils at an altitude of more than 700 m have a longer period of their formation, and, accordingly, a greater age. V‒diagrams of the acidic properties of soils reflect the individual characteristics of soils, which are manifested in the corresponding genetic characteristics: evolution, gleyiness, ferruginization, raw‒humus content. Understanding the nature of soil acidity (undisturbed and inaccessible territories) is possible if we know the relationships between individual indicators in soils. We can use the found relationships as diagnostic features for quantitative assessment of the ecological state of soils, the degree of its stability (acid-base buffering capacity). |
