| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Efficient separation of quaternary mixtures like n-butane, n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-nonane is crucial in industry. Using three distillation columns consumes significant energy, necessitating thermal integration for optimization. This study compares direct and indirect separation methods, assessing pre-heat techniques like Multi-Effect and Feed Splitting and their hybrids for thermal integration. It focuses on reboiler flows, steam types, and CO2 emissions through enthalpy and heat differentials. Simulating eight processes, the direct arrangement with a hybrid Multi-Effect and Feed Splitting is the most energy efficient, reducing cold utility by 71%, hot utility by 61%, CO2 emissions by 60%, and overall energy consumption by 66% compared to the indirect method. This improvement is due to eliminating the third column's condenser and reducing heat loads on the first and third reboilers. The hybrid method has low capital costs as no extra equipment is needed, reducing energy consumption, total annual cost, and environmental impact. Selecting suitable thermal integration methods is vital for distillation processes, offering an effective way to enhance energy efficiency and environmental impacts in multi-component mixture separation. |
