| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica is one of the most important plant pathogens, that causes extensive damage to a wide range of hosts. In this study, we investigated the effects of aqueous leaf extracts of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) and felty germander (Teucrium polium) at the rate of 0 (control), 400, 600, 700, 800, 1000, and 2000 µg/ ml. We also examined the effect of three bacterial strains, Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 (Pf), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CPHE1 (Sm) and Bacillus cereus Pt0-RL12 (Bc) with a concentration of 107 CFU/ml on egg hatching and second-stage juvenile mortality of M. javanica, in vitro. Furthermore, we investigated the combined effects of each plant extract and each bacterial strain on nematode egg hatching. The results showed an inverse and direct relationship between the concentration of the aqueous extracts and the rate of egg hatching and mortality of J2s, respectively. The calculated lethal concentrations (LC50) of charlock mustard and felty germander extracts were 1010 µg/ ml and 1300 µg/ ml, respectively. Additionally, Pf, Sm and Bc reduced the egg hatching by 44.2, 36, and 27.7%, while increased the larval mortality by 76.2, 66, and 59.4%, respectively, compared to the control. The combination of Pf, Sm and Bc and LC50 values of felty germander or charlock mustard, reduced the egg hatching by 81.3, 83.3, and 86% and 84, 87.3 and 84%, respectively, compared to the control. Investigating the combined effect of plant extracts and bacteria on the mortality rate of J2s is ongoing. |
